Apparatus for internal-combustion engines



P. TAURISANO APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES -oct. 21,v 1930.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 2. 1929 INVENToR.

Oct. 21, 1930. l5. TAuRlsAN'o l 1,778,923

y APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Aug. 2, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l INVENTOR.

BY d/6@ ATTORNEY.

Patented 21, 1.930y

UNrv

Armeniens non"inirnn'NAL-eolvrnnsrioiv u'lielmisvv Y 'yiigipiatinniedrisgasta, lesa. seriailivi?39,111,0272".A j

This invention relates to improvements l in internal combustion apparatus and isdi' rected particularly to acai'buretersjor appa-U,

ratusy for supplyingl internalyenginesf fuel. fv a The principal objects of.'theyin'vention 'are'V4 toprovide anr apparatus for ini-Xing air sand' lfuelsuch as gasoline `injdesired proportions" and for delivering rv,the mixture-4 undergrnoref 10 or less fp'ressure to aninter-nal combustion -f engine.Vv Byfmeans off the-apparatus the y'fuel'g and yair -are-niixedfin V'such Iproportionswill' not only 'resultin efficiency ofoperation of an internaly combustion engine'fbutwillff Y v:k n, v y, o

' f preferably?-oilfti'ght` sofi-thatfthe shaftniayy 65f 15 effect asaving inVv fuel.-

These and numerous other objects-and'ad"l vantage's are attained by meansiof the novel apparatus, the combination and azrrange--'y ment ofparts constituting the invention'afnd`-l 2Q. which" will. beA described ,in connection' theaccompanying drawings, Linsfwhich l Fig. -1 is a plan view ofan apparatus *em-v bodyingthe'novel features'of the invention."` .'Fig.- 2' is a sid'eelevational: view ofthef I .25 same with `the parts brokengaway for clear,l

ness.

Fig'. 3 .is a sectional elevational viewr l through the'mixing chamber of 4theappaiy l ratus -takenon the line 3-"3 of Fig; 1.1 51 '30k Fig. 4 is a sectionalplanzview throughg the mixing chambertaken'onv theline Ofrig F'g.-* 6 isafsimilarA :view throughvxone'xof-L the airjinlet'valves for anair'cylinder taken.l

'i invention,V therefore I do not wi'shto be'limitejdto the exact form shown and'- described. f A. block' Q1 supportk is represented; atflQA which has `a plurality V*of boresji'therein described there raretvvo pairs; v v y b y AA crank case l0 issuitablyiixedto and-suys- :pended Vfrom the `lower side ovfthe block and Referring to thedrawings indetail the' novel features of the invention will 'be .de-n1 scribed in the form at present preferred*t It will be understoodth'at variouschanges may ybe'macle in thegform thereof without' '415- departing from the spiritland,sco'pe.oftheV .Y cylii'iders-a'nd will ynow be described withrpar fptoflP-IOY four offtheseicylinders arl-V` *A i though more or less inay be'used'." Twofof'f these may be-called gasoline" cylinders-and the'` other two/air cylinders, 'theformer of .Y -g whichk are? "closed: at the 5 upper? vends by*l head 55 Vmernbers 6,:while thelatter are closed*byy fhead members y 8. One fair and: one gas'olir'l'e A. s Y cylinder maylconstitute"apairgftherefore in` n kthe forrnA of the, inventionshown andifto'lbe has-.rotatable therein' a f crankshaftglQ. *'They l joint lbetween the case and /blok'isof course rotate in abath'ofoil' carriedinthe case;V Suitable filling and .drainage openings alsociatedfwithfthe bloclland case. s l

The crank shaft isprovidedwithfourfoli7` 70 sets suchfasleand 16, onefor each'` of the j though'not shown maybepr'ovidedin 'or asthe'offsets of the 'shaft' aresuitably connectedl Y v at ,theirv-upperjends to pistons'*suchl asf22y shown-attheright in Fig 2. The offsets are arranged'so't-hat the pistons Vinthe'air cylin ders are' 1naking r a*'downward .or 'suction' Y stroke while the othersfaremaking an Vujn-'i ward or discharge stroke, or vice versa'.."ff Y gear y178 is carried-on'the outer end of combustion engine orrthe lifkeyandljtheop'fj f' gasoline cylinders 'contain certain valves for; adnntting-` air and gasollne'to theirrespectivef ticularreference to Fig"s.`5V andf'.4 The conn-'i 'l' struction of one of the 1 heads 6 for the gaso; P, lineA cylindersv will first'. be described. The` head'rmembers v6 are in screw threadedjrelal-" Vtionlwiththeblock at the upper side'. ofthe lgasolinecylinders solas to 'close the cylinder.A

Itk has yin slidable l relation therein Van Y inlet valve 30,' a discharge valve 32 anda secondary', A discharge valve 34. The inlet-valve:3Q-seats' against theI lower side of? the head'fand -'is 109 cylinders".y Connecting rods 20rotatableon v 4 80?* the crankshaft :wherebythea12 paratusInayY l Y e 'be' driven byachainorgeargjofanginternaly Fig.. .5 is .a sectional;y elevational view/f:v through one; of* the. cylinder head iassembliesf. f `35' Vfor oneof'` the gasoline cylinders ytakenlgonY G52'ai?esmeyiberequredg-a l cap 44 in "screw threaded relation with the upper side of the head is arranged to receive anendofa gasoline supply .pipe 46., i

The 'discharge'valve 32`is"guided in the head 6 by a stem 33 and a spring v48isdis- 10 posed between the upper side of the yvalve seating position shown, 'llhecapfis adapted i to receive an end of arlischarge pipe. 52:

betweeuthe uppeiside ofthevalve and a cap 5.6 crew, threaded inthe hea-df- A assagevifway 60 connesL ting ak chamber `V 295'ifabove.thefvalve:34Y and the recess 42jis Y providedtor thepurposenow"fto'be described.-- sofcalledi fuelpiston i in -the Vcylinder belowtllie-headj descendsl so -as Ito" create vsucv thefpistonmoves upwardlyigasoline isforced outwardly'-pastmthe :valye B2i in tothe dis-l charge pipe `52; g nPrei'ferably the spring 48 .isi relativelyweakerithan thespring-54 for thisA reason`-` In the normalfoperation ofthe-fuel 1 pistonfthgevalvef32i will be the irst to open7 the spring` 48 beingpweaker. `Asthapiston delivers more: gasoline than. isi'needed in thef pipe 52 so that-merecer less pressureisbuilt 335e up in the linesandin the'. cylinder, fuel will tend tofiopen: valve 34 against-its stiffer spring.j As., this valves34 isfyropened vfuelwill` flow. .ther-gepastthroughpassageway 60 and'.rvr Y n bore T110 thereimfandradialbores 112:1in 1Com-` munication therewith which @are 4inifturn in communicationwith an annular groove .114

pastinlet valve SQ-andfinto the vcylinder., VIn

S reality; the fuel 'discharged tinto Pipe 52 fie-- pendsmore or, less` upon pressure conditions so that lilo-more gasoline is deliveredeto the: mixing chamber rlater-to be `described than? is required. t i

4 5; ,Thewh Vads over: the airgcylinders are f somewhat similar to-those'overthe rgasolinen Vsus 712guided in the., head Sfyand is urgedI into? seating positionby a spring-741 disposed be-r' tween a lowerwall; 7 6 of arecess 7 8 in head 8 thedQWQISide of a cap 80. Thecap A80v has inV screwlthreaded' engagementtherewith 155;: aihollow member82provided with aconical i lowerend for :bearing on a similar-ly'formed seat. An opening or openings 84; inthe lower Omayl be variedso .that the air-piston below head 8 mayy dellveri such various .amounts o -1 The valveV 34'is. similarly guided the', head by aV stem 35 and is urged ifnt seating positionby means of a spring 54=disposed= Y lIn each case the valve stemsare arranged to permit the passage-of air Aor fuel past the valve when the valves are lopen;

A cap`90 in the upper side of lar to valve 32.A l

tion shown `air is drawn intothe air cylinder a downwardniovementof a` piston and air `discharge pine 92,. L

l head 8 andy similar to cap inhead 6 is disposed above a discharge Avvalve (not shown) which is simi# v discharge'd by? ait-i1upward-'movement into an 'Head' and:` valve' constructionone only Y of; the 'air andigasolne cylinders have been 1 v described, but/'it wil'lbe understood that both the heads Y6 arev alikenin' constructionV as? well asfare the-heads 8.V l

The mixingchamber wliichreceives the uel and air Vdelivered to-the pipes 52 and 92 erence to VFigsw"and 4.`

VV will nowfbe describedfwith particular ref-V y y Mixingfgchambers' 100 identicalf,inf'confyV struction Tare preferably in the'rform oft cylin.-

ders.- andare' disposed at "one side of thebloch 2;, 5. These cylinders are closed Lati-"their flower thereto sof.. to provide V'anair :chamber A ftherebelow and a' mixing chamber M; thereabove. Y

, The air pipes the cylindersfpre-i- Y therethr,ough` andg'has ii'xed therein a central memben 10,8. 11 This member 108` has an axial inthe plate*` AYpassageway;V 116 "extends through the. plate'. and c wall l of the v chamber and receives aiitting 118 to Vwhich the gaso.-A 11o line pipeis-'connected v -With the arrangement descr as gasoline is delivered to and through the bores iiaiiafaind 1.10;` LA headjmemberf 12e in screw threaded) engagement? Awith `the :uppersV side of the chamberehas alower iangef 128 so as to provide a'fsecond'ary mixing chamberM". iA conical shaped projection 130 extends downwardly from the flange. A

needle valve`132 threaded in`themember"126'` Y 20 has'` a tapering lower entllvfor `seating inf the periphery of the 'bore 110 LinV the member 108. Bygturninglthe valve 182m one direc-` tion or the other'it is moved lup or down whereby the flowoit fuel.throughfthefhore f y 1101 isf controlled or regulated; i

A/connection 13S-in the?member.126-re-` ceives a vdischargel pipe 158 sothat it isf in :i

communication with? the chamber M'.'

' The ia'nge"A and conicalprojectionaref l provided withgaplurality of ope'nivngsf'140.'

fao'

' A 20? gine.

knurled lrnob142 at the upperend ofvalve y s `r.ol'ienings inrmemberf 128 causes the,` fuel and' 132 I carries an index pointer 14H which vmay Y be1usedffor registeringwith graduations y1&6 in the` upperfside ofl cap .1267 forzlsettingithe. j

`valve as maybe desired. 1 s* At one side ofthe .block -2ftherefis provided, t a longitudinal bore150 in which issu'pport-r ed onev or more ftubesrorzpipes 152.*l a vFittings 154 threaded Linan end wall-.;1j56,of said bore 1osupport said tubes'and receivethe lendsv of;

the .pipes 158which `extend from-the mixing Y pressure is conducted fr'omthemining-charm` {forated as at 160 on their outer, ends. A Y

' A discharge pipe connectedto block so asto receive .the fair and fuel mixturel and maybe arranged to conduct the mixture to the intake ofA an .internal combustion en If desired a number 'of separate conduits may be connected to an equal number separate cylinders of an'engine. Y

In order to allow airto enter chamber 150 and mix with the mixture there is provided a plurality of openings 170 extendinginto the chamber. A plate/172 pivoted at 17a` and provided with portions '176 for overlying said openings is rotatable by means of a j handle 178 so that a lflow of air 'into vthe Chamber may be controlled. .These openings will be utilized when the engine to" which the A.

pipe 162is connected provides suction suficientto cause air to enter therethrough. The operation of the apparatus isv as follows f Ordinarily the apparatusfwill beused for supplying armiXture of 'airand fuel suchV as gasoline to an internal combustion engine `and'may be connectedto and operated-thereby. rlhe fuel inlet valves 8O will be connected by means of the pipesl to a fuel'supply tank. As the crank shaft of the apparatus rotates fuel is drawn yin through valves'SO "while air is drawn in through valves 70 by the fuel'and air pistons respectively. The

' fuel `and air are discharged through their respective valves and delivered` Vthrough;the

l ber M past the end'of valve .132 and pipes52 and 92 to the mixing chambers at more or less pressure by reason 'ofthe pumping action ofthe pistons. Air' enters the lair* chamber 'A of the mixingchamberland passes upwardly throughV plate 104 into mixing chamberM. Fuel enters themiXing lchamthrough opening 110. i

They air enters the mixing chamber kM in y.relatively small streams while the fuel is I sprayed more or less into the chamber so that the fuel and air are mixed.k From the fuel passes upwardly through member 128k vinto the chamber M and from there outtheir;

. l-lavingvv present preferred,` Lnow desu@ V.to *s claims(` y l v v s,

mixing chamber M the mixture of air and -;'Ihe;passage of the mixture; through" the airito become thoroughlymixedn so thatxa relatively'rdry mixtureis discharged into fthe ing valves 182. Also fthe tension; .of the V'springsjfor the. variousvalves may be varied'y pso: that with :various relative Samounts ofalrg and gas `varlousdesired pressureconditions may prevail. 1

By means of theappar'atu's it isi'possible:

to .supplysacfuelfmiXture lto internal combustionjei'igines which may be proportioned.

as torelative amounts of fuel and air,as may* be requiredlfor variousengines. At the same:

time.:r the .'-I'niXt-ure" may :bev delivered .under pres'sure'so that with the desired mixtureandpressureeiciency and econoinyain operation vresult'.

form at.

deseritafaliiiv'ennorif in he y 905- f1.An 1 apparatus .of v the. 'class ldescribed: A l

comprising in combination, a :block provided'v vwith air andfuel cylinder bores,'piston s in y saidjcylindersg. separate Vheads for said'cylin-j; Vders,V ithe'head for isaidi'a'iicylinder-being; provided with inlet and dischargejvalvea the@ head1 fori-said :fuel cylinderbeingIprovided a .with aninlet,` a discharge and'avseeon'dary dis#r charge" .valve which is .connected Ito said inlet valve'.forfdischarging thereinto.

2*.' An apparatus. of thecla'ssv .described lcomprising int combination,` a block provided 5` Vwith .air and''fuel'cylinderbores, pistons in said vcylin'der's5 separateheads forsaid' cylin- Y ders, 'the head for saidj-air ,cylinderv being v provided with inlet anddischarge Vvalve'sfthe head` for said fuel cylinder'being provided. with ani'nlet,` a dischargefand a secondary y ydischarg'e' valv e n whichrvris vconnected to/sad inlet valve.` for discharging thereinto5a ingchamber andseparateconnections from said;discharge:valves..theretm` f 3Q An .apparatusfojf,;,thefy class described f comprising .inilc'ombi'natibn,iai block provided wit'hfA air .and ."fuelifeylinder bores, :pistons yin rf,

ondaryjdischarge valve` which :isy connected to s'aid inlet-va'lve for "discharging thereinto, v

a2-mixing chamber and separate conne'ctions3i fromsaldi;y discharge;l 'valves'l thereto, andiy aj for. recevingmix el and. air :therefrQm-I ail.;appara@11S ofi-the, classi; described;

l1'jicomprising"in combination, a block provided lgsforiner and anair` orificein communication Vwith the latter', separateconnections between 'f saidi air and lfuel cylinders' and ysaid air and r Vfuel orices whereby fuel and` air are: deliv- V ered thereto, and' a receiving chamber for 201.; receiving lmixed air: and gas from saidmixl ing chamber. ,Y .n m Y 6.CAnf apparatusV of the classfdescribedfv comprising incombination, a block provided, with airand fuel cylinderbores, pistons inVK said l l gzcylinders,v a `mixing .chamber including sep-f arate mixing and air chambers and a: fuel orifice which is in. communication with'. the p formerf and anjair orice in 'communication .comprising inl combination, a `support hav-V ing an air cylinder, a.-fuellcylindei'anda bore thereimipistons in said cylinders, heads:V

being connected-to the air 4,chamberv and mixing chamber respectively and. means associ" ated withsaidsparftitions` for controlling' the passage of fuel into said chamber.; I v

jlass ,y 10..An apparatus ofthe described im closing i the upper sides v of said cylinders .Y

,provided with;inlet and discharge valves, V mixing chamber having'an airv chamber i and Y almixifi'ig'. chamber` Vseparated by ai perfo?y pipe in said boreianda connection-between said mixingchainber v 'andsaid pipe.. f

Inltestiinony whereof I'fat'fix my signa.

ture.- Y Y Y, y

Y PETER withfthe latter,V separate connections be.-

' ao'`v tween said air andffue-l cylinders and said air andfuel orificesl whereby A fuel and air aredelvered thereto, and aV receiving` cham-` vberifor receiving-mixedar and gas front said. mixing chamber and Vmeans for 4admit? A35 ting air tosaidreceiving chambery:

7. VAn apparatus fof theV classV described comprisingin ycombina-tion, a block providedV with separate air vand fuel cylinders with Lpistons thereon,. avmixing chamber including-v y.

I `Myair vand' mixing chambers separatedfby 'a'.

partition, laA pipe connection between said air cylinder and said-air 'chamberandthe saidL `partition being perforated toi permit thepassage of air into lsaid mixingchainber and 45' a connection betweens'aid fuel cylinder andl p mixing'chambcr. v i y 8;.Anl apparatusof'the class ,described comprising in combination,` a. mixingV chamv `ber Vincludi'ngfa lower 'air chamber, an in- 5ojterinediate .mixing chamber and ,an upper secondary mixing `.chamber which: are separated by perforated partitions, a gas .c'yl`.V inderand an air cylinder in communication `with said mixing and airV cliainbers'respeclr'tively and an outlet..infcommunication with the secondary'mixingchamben 9. An apparatus of 4the .class described comprising in combination, a closedaircylbinder andV a fuel chamber having pistons. GOtherein, a mixing `chamber having. a lower.

air chamber, an Vintermediatemixing chainV` be'rand a. secondary mixing' chamber which are separted vby perforated partitions,heads on saidu cylinders having inletand dischargev f55`jvalves,` the discharg'evvalvesin said heads ratedwall, connections'between the dischargev *s valves. and-said lair and vmixing chambers, a

ico 

